Presentation

  1. 1

    Write 2,356 + 1,478 on paper.

  2. 2

    Form 2,356 on the frame.

  3. 3

    Add the second number starting with the units: move 8 unit beads, exchanging at ten and continuing.

  4. 4

    Continue with the tens, hundreds, and thousands.

  5. 5

    Read the frame, 3,834, and write the answer.

  6. 6

    Subtraction: form the larger number, then move beads back starting from the units, exchanging down when a wire is short.

  7. 7

    The child records each problem and checks it in the control booklet.

Extensions, easiest to hardest

  1. Problems with exchanging in every column.
  2. Subtraction across zeros.
  3. Multiplication by one digit (for children ready for it).

Control of error

The control booklet. A wire can never show ten beads moved across; ten showing means a missed exchange.

Ready to move on when the child…

  • Solves four-digit addition and subtraction on the frame with correct exchanges
  • Records the work and answer correctly

Guide note

Usually the last work in the primary math sequence; many children continue it in the first year of the 6–9 classroom.

Try “pink tower”, “tummy”, “diaper”, “grace and courtesy”, or “October”.