Presentation

  1. 1

    Sit beside the child at a table with the boards for 1, 2, and 3 stacked face down.

  2. 2

    Hold board 1 steady with your non-dominant hand. With the index and middle fingers of your dominant hand, trace the numeral in the direction it is written, then say 'one'.

  3. 3

    Invite the child to trace it and say 'one'. Repeat with 2 and 3.

  4. 4

    Three-period lesson. Period 1: 'This is two.' Period 2: 'Trace three', 'Hand me one', 'Put two on the rug.' Period 3: point and ask 'What is this?'

  5. 5

    End with the child tracing each numeral once more.

  6. 6

    In later lessons introduce 4–6, then 7–9, always reviewing one known numeral.

  7. 7

    Hold back zero until the Spindle Boxes, where it is introduced with its meaning.

Extensions, easiest to hardest

  1. Trace the numeral, then write it with a finger in the sand tray.
  2. Write the numeral with chalk and compare it with the board.
  3. Guide names a numeral and the child finds it among all nine boards.
  4. Put boards 1–9 in order.

Control of error

The rough sandpaper against the smooth board: the fingers feel at once when they leave the numeral. The guide watches stroke direction during the lesson.

Ready to move on when the child…

  • Names numerals 1–9 shown in random order
  • Traces each numeral in the correct stroke direction
  • Writes numerals 1–9 legibly in sand or chalk

Guide note

Can be presented in parallel with the Number Rods; the two are not linked until Number Rods and Cards. Stroke direction matters here because it becomes the writing habit; watch 5, 8, and 9. Keep 6 and 9 in separate lessons so they are not confused.

Try “pink tower”, “tummy”, “diaper”, “grace and courtesy”, or “October”.