Presentation

  1. 1

    Invite the child to feel the bumps down the middle of their own back: 'This is your backbone.'

  2. 2

    Show the skeleton picture and point to the backbone.

  3. 3

    Say: 'Animals with a backbone are vertebrates. Animals without a backbone are invertebrates.'

  4. 4

    Recall the five animal puzzles: 'Fish, frog, turtle, bird, and horse all have backbones.'

  5. 5

    Show a worm picture: 'A worm has no backbone. It is an invertebrate.'

  6. 6

    Place the header cards and sort the pictures together.

  7. 7

    Invite the child to finish and check with the control chart.

Extensions, easiest to hardest

  1. Sort a larger set of pictures
  2. Look for invertebrates outside: ants, worms, beetles, spiders
  3. Make a vertebrate and invertebrate booklet

Control of error

The control chart shows every animal in its correct group.

Ready to move on when the child…

  • Sorts animals correctly
  • Explains that vertebrates have a backbone
  • Finds an invertebrate outdoors and names it

Guide note

Handle live invertebrates gently and return them where they were found.

Try “pink tower”, “tummy”, “diaper”, “grace and courtesy”, or “October”.